J Endocrinol Metab
Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jofem.org

Editorial

Volume 9, Number 1-2, April 2019, pages 1-2


Anti-Atherogenic Properties of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Hidekatsu Yanai

Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, 1-7-1 Kohnodai, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-8516, Japan

Manuscript submitted April 22, 2018, accepted March 20, 2019
Short title: Editorial
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem509w

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is an important constituent of the Mediterranean diet as well as whole grains, vegetables, fruits and nuts. Recent meta-analysis showed that compared to low polyphenol olive oil, high polyphenol EVOO significantly improved measures of malondialdehyde, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), inflammatory markers and blood pressure [1], suggesting significant anti-atherogenic effects of EVOO.

In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT), 41 adult women with excess body fat received daily high-fat breakfasts containing 25 mL of soybean oil (control group, n = 20) or EVOO (EVOO group, n = 21) during nine consecutive weeks [2]. Fat loss was about 80% higher on EVOO compared to the control group (-2.4 ± 0.3 kg vs. -1.3 ± 0.4 kg, P = 0.037). EVOO also reduced diastolic blood pressure when compared to control (-5.1 ± 1.6 mm Hg vs. +0.3 ± 1.2 mm Hg, P = 0.011).

The RCT was conducted on 60 already diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia [3]. EVOO showed 8-12% increase in HDL-C. EVOO has been also reported to promote cholesterol efflux by HDL, improving HDL functionality [4]. EVOO consumption reduced the age-related decrease in HDL and paraoxonase-1 anti-inflammatory activities [5]. EVOO intake increased HDL-C and decreased total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C and triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C in postmenopausal women [6].

Thirty impaired fasting glucose (IFG) patients were randomly allocated to a meal containing or not 10 g of EVOO in a cross-over design [7]. Before, 60 min and 120 min after lunch, a blood sample was taken. EVOO was associated with a reduction of glucose (P = 0.009) and dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP4) activity (P < 0.001) and a significant increase of insulin (P < 0.001) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the meal containing EVOO showed a significant decrease of TG (P = 0.002) and Apo B-48 (P = 0.002) compared with the meal without EVOO. EVOO use was also associated with improved post-prandial blood glucose and LDL-C in healthy subjects [8].

Habitual consumption of EVOO has been also reported to improve endothelial function in patients with prediabetes and diabetes [9]. Further, the systematic review on beneficial effects of EVOO, and in conjunction with the Mediterranean style diets, reported that EVOO improved inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, platelet aggregation, fibrinolysis, and endothelial function [10].

In conclusion, although EVOO may have possible anti-atherogenic properties, the real beneficial effects of EVOO on human health need to be clarified in new well-designed clinical studies.

Conflict of Interest

The author declares that he has no conflict of interest concerning this article.


References▴Top 
  1. George ES, Marshall S, Mayr HL, Trakman GL, Tatucu-Babet OA, Lassemillante AM, Bramley A, et al. The effect of high-polyphenol extra virgin olive oil on cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018:1-24.
    doi pubmed
  2. Galvao Candido F, Xavier Valente F, da Silva LE, Goncalves Leao Coelho O, Gouveia Peluzio MDC, Goncalves Alfenas RC. Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressure in women with excess body fat: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57(7):2445-2455.
    doi pubmed
  3. Khan TM, Iqbal S, Rashid MA. Comparison of lipid lowering effect of extra virgin olive oil and atorvastatin in dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2017;29(1):83-86.
    pubmed
  4. Berrougui H, Ikhlef S, Khalil A. Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols promote cholesterol efflux and improve HDL functionality. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:208062.
    doi pubmed
  5. Loued S, Berrougui H, Componova P, Ikhlef S, Helal O, Khalil A. Extra-virgin olive oil consumption reduces the age-related decrease in HDL and paraoxonase 1 anti-inflammatory activities. Br J Nutr. 2013;110(7):1272-1284.
    doi pubmed
  6. Anderson-Vasquez HE, Perez-Martinez P, Ortega Fernandez P, Wanden-Berghe C. Impact of the consumption of a rich diet in butter and it replacement for a rich diet in extra virgin olive oil on anthropometric, metabolic and lipid profile in postmenopausal women. Nutr Hosp. 2015;31(6):2561-2570.
    pubmed
  7. Carnevale R, Loffredo L, Del Ben M, Angelico F, Nocella C, Petruccioli A, Bartimoccia S, et al. Extra virgin olive oil improves post-prandial glycemic and lipid profile in patients with impaired fasting glucose. Clin Nutr. 2017;36(3):782-787.
    doi pubmed
  8. Violi F, Loffredo L, Pignatelli P, Angelico F, Bartimoccia S, Nocella C, Cangemi R, et al. Extra virgin olive oil use is associated with improved post-prandial blood glucose and LDL cholesterol in healthy subjects. Nutr Diabetes. 2015;5:e172.
    doi pubmed
  9. Torres-Pena JD, Garcia-Rios A, Delgado-Casado N, Gomez-Luna P, Alcala-Diaz JF, Yubero-Serrano EM, Gomez-Delgado F, et al. Mediterranean diet improves endothelial function in patients with diabetes and prediabetes: A report from the CORDIOPREV study. Atherosclerosis. 2018;269:50-56.
    doi pubmed
  10. Yubero-Serrano EM, Lopez-Moreno J, Gomez-Delgado F, Lopez-Miranda J. Extra virgin olive oil: More than a healthy fat. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018.
    doi pubmed


This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism is published by Elmer Press Inc.

 

Browse  Journals  

 

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research

Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics

 

World Journal of Oncology

Gastroenterology Research

Journal of Hematology

 

Journal of Medical Cases

Journal of Current Surgery

Clinical Infection and Immunity

 

Cardiology Research

World Journal of Nephrology and Urology

Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research

 

Journal of Neurology Research

International Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

 

 
       
 

Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, bimonthly, ISSN 1923-2861 (print), 1923-287X (online), published by Elmer Press Inc.                     
The content of this site is intended for health care professionals.
This is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted
non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons Attribution license (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International CC-BY-NC 4.0)


This journal follows the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals,
the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing.

website: www.jofem.org   editorial contact: editor@jofem.org    elmer.editorial2@hotmail.com
Address: 9225 Leslie Street, Suite 201, Richmond Hill, Ontario, L4B 3H6, Canada

© Elmer Press Inc. All Rights Reserved.


Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in the published articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the editors and Elmer Press Inc. This website is provided for medical research and informational purposes only and does not constitute any medical advice or professional services. The information provided in this journal should not be used for diagnosis and treatment, those seeking medical advice should always consult with a licensed physician.