Hypovitaminosis D Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity, High Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein and Triglycerides in Alternating Shift Workers

Aline Priscila Batista, Ticiana Vazzoler Ambrosim, Raimundo Marques do Nascimento Neto, Fausto Aloisio Pedrosa Pimenta, Silvia Nascimento de Freitas, Marcio Weissheimer Lauria, George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho

Abstract


Background: Studies suggest that there is a strong association between low vitamin D levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (RFs). Hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL or 75 nmol/L) is a recent public health problem that has reached different populations. The objective of the study was to investigate whether hypovitaminosis D is an additional mechanism to explain the disturbances in the lipid profile as well as the excess of abdominal fat presented by alternating shift workers of a mining company in the region of Inconfidentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 391 adult males, aged 20 - 57 years old and working alternating shifts, who had at least one risk criterion for CVD. Demographic, behavioral, clinical, and anthropometric and body composition variables were obtained. A blood sample was drawn for determining 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone intact molecule, lipid profile, blood glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, and adipokines.

Results: The average age of the 391 study participants was 36.1 7.3 years. The percentage of hypovitaminosis D and dyslipidemia was 73% and 74.2%, respectively. Excess visceral fat was significant in the hypovitaminosis D group, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.4 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1 - 5.2). Dyslipidemia showed 25(OH)D levels significantly lower (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6 - 4.3) than in individuals with normal levels of cholesterol and fractions, and triglycerides. After adjusted the analysis by age and seasonality, the vitamin levels had a significant inverse association and dose-dependent with low-density lipoprotein (OR: 5.9), triglycerides (OR: 2.3) and visceral fat area (OR: 2.4).

Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D and dyslipidemia were found in the majority of our mining company shift workers. Furthermore, excess visceral adiposity, hypertriglyceridemia and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are strong predictors of hypovitaminosis D.




J Endocrinol Metab. 2016;6(3):80-89
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jem340w


Keywords


Alternating shift workers; Occupational health; Low-density lipoprotein; Triglycerides; Atherosclerosis; Visceral fat; Hypovitaminosis D; Metabolic syndrome

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