Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.jofem.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 4-5, October 2022, pages 134-139


The Difference in Glucagon Response to Breakfast Between Non-Obese Patients With Long-Duration Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Figure

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Comparison of changes in glucose (a) and glucagon (b) levels between patients with T1DM and those with T2DM from fasting to 2-h postprandial state. T1DM: type 1 diabetes; T2DM: type 2 diabetes.

Table

Table 1. Characteristics of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
 
Type 1 diabetesType 2 diabetesP
Data are represented as the mean value (SD) except for the number of subjects and sex. BMI: body mass index; PG0: fasting plasma glucose; PG2h: 2-h postprandial plasma glucose; CPR0: fasting C-peptide; CPR2h: 2-h postprandial C-peptide; G0: fasting plasma glucagon; G2h: 2-h postprandial plasma glucagon; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. SD: standard deviation.
N1313-
Age (years)70.1 (10.1)70.3 (9.9)1
Gender (male/female)11/211/21
BMI (kg/m2)22.5 (3.0)22.7 (3.0)0.92
Waist circumference (cm)84.7 (7.8)87.7 (11.6)0.68
Duration of diabetes (years)18.2 (14.3)12.2 (9.0)0.26
PG0 (mg/dL)179.9 (88.1)141.9 (42.8)0.22
PG2h (mg/dL)237.3 (77.1)216.6 (56.6)0.45
CPR0 (ng/mL)< 0.021.33 (0.72)< 0.001
CPR2h (ng/mL)< 0.023.84 (2.57)< 0.001
G0 (pg/mL)19.2 (13.0)31.6 (18.3)0.029
G0/PG00.12 (0.09)0.25 (0.19)0.01
G2h (pg/mL)23.3 (19.0)28.8 (19.2)0.34
G2h/PG2h0.10 (0.07)0.13 (0.07)0.31
HbA1c (%)8.7 (1.4)8.5 (1.7)0.54
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)63.8 (24.4)65.2 (16.3)0.92
Medication
  Insulin1390.096
  Metformin-30.22
  Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors-40.096
  Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors211
  Pioglitazone-11
  Sulfonylurea-11
  α-glucosidase inhibitor-11