Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access |
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc |
Journal website https://www.jofem.org |
Original Article
Volume 11, Number 5, October 2021, pages 108-114
Total Calcium and Ionized Calcium (pH = 7.4) Tests Are Equal When Screening Patients for Hypercalcemia at Admission in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Figure
Tables
CaT | CaI | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 2.15 | 2.15 - 2.51 | 2.52 - 2.76 | ≥ 2.77 | Total | |
aMismatches. bDiscrepancies. CaT: total calcium; CaI: ionized calcium (pH = 7.4). | |||||
CaI | |||||
≥ 1.45 | 0a | 17a | 99 | 82 | 198 |
1.33 - 1.44 | 1b | 1,490b | 523 | 15 | 2,029 |
1.18 - 1.32 | 751 | 12,935 | 239b | 3a | 13,928 |
< 1.18 | 832 | 850 | 1b | 0a | 1,683 |
CaT | |||||
Total | 1,584 | 15,292 | 862 | 100 | 17,838 |
Patient no. | Gender | Age (years) | CaT (mmol/L) | CaI (mmol/L) | Albumin (g/L) | Creatinine (µmol/L)/eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | Course for admission | Prior relevant comorbidity | Reason for hypercalcemia | Clinical relevance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aResults outside reference limits. CaT: total calcium; CaI: ionized calcium (pH = 7.4); eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; PHPT: primary hyperparathyroidism; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FHH: familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia; GEJ: gastroesophageal junction; CKD: chronic kidney disease; NET: neuroendocrine tumor. | ||||||||||
1 | F | 90.9 | 2.41 | 1.50a | 26a | 61/77 | Urine retention | PHPT | PHPT | No |
2 | M | 50.7 | 2.48 | 1.46a | 41 | 81/> 90 | Abdominal pain | One kidney | PHPT | Yes |
3 | M | 92.7 | 2.46 | 1.48a | 32a | 64/81 | Thorax pain | None | PHPT | Yes |
4 | F | 70.7 | 2.47 | 1.46a | 25a | 53/> 90 | Pneumonia | Disseminated breast cancer (bone metastasis) | Malignancy/bone metastasis | No |
5 | F | 89 | 2.51 | 1.48a | 33a | 72/64 | Pneumonia | Osteoporosis | Unknown | No |
6 | F | 57.5 | 2.51 | 1.48a | 40 | 58/> 90 | Chest pain/paresthesia in hands | None | Unknown | No |
7 | F | 93.2 | 2.36 | 1.52a | 25a | 117/35a | Impaired general condition, fall | Multiple myeloma, terminal | Multiple myeloma, CKD | No |
2.48 | 1.59a | 26a | 120/34a | |||||||
8 | F | 74.6 | 2.5 | 1.50a | 34 | 54/90 | COPD | FHH, osteoporosis | FHH | No |
9 | F | 53.6 | 2.5 | 1.45a | 40 | 47/> 90 | Impaired general condition | Disseminated GEJ cancer (no known bone metastasis) | Malignancy/bone metastasis | No |
10 | M | 72.2 | 2.49 | 1.54a | 30a | 101/64 | Fever | PHPT | PHPT | No |
11 | F | 67 | 2.49 | 1.46a | 39 | 87/60 | Pneumonia | PHPT | PHPT | No |
12 | F | 81.8 | 2.46 | 1.49a | 22a | 48/88 | Impaired general condition, pneumonia | Osteoporosis | Unknown | No |
13 | F | 57.4 | 2.44 | 1.46a | 28a | 225/20a | Erysipelas | CKD, thyrotoxicosis | CKD | No |
14 | F | 90 | 2.51 | 1.52a | 27a | 78/59 | Impaired general condition, erysipelas | None | Calcium supplement + dehydration | No |
15 | F | 79.8 | 2.43 | 1.45a | 26a | 36/> 90 | Urine tract infection | None | Calcium supplement + dehydration | No |
16 | F | 53.9 | 2.44 | 1.45a | 41 | 54/> 90 | Abdominal pain, operation showed NET | None | Unknown | Uncertain |
17 | F | 57 | 2.99a | 1.32 | 43 | 252/18a | Dehydration | None | Dehydration | No |
18 | M | 68.2 | 2.9a | 1.27 | 44 | 103/64 | Perforated ulcer | Hypercalcemia, unknown reason | Calcium metabolic disease? | No |
19 | M | 66.2 | 2.78a | 1.27 | 47 | 935/5a | Inguinal pain | Terminal CKD, dialysis | CKD | No |