J Endocrinol Metab

Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jofem.org

Original Article

Volume 6, Number 2, April 2016, pages 52-58

Higher Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Among the Rural Population in Bulgaria

**Table 1.** Distribution of the Participants According to the Place of Residence, Gender and Age Group
	Number (%)
Place of residence
Town	1,030 (50.6%)
Small town	467 (23.1%)
Village	535 (26.3%)
Age group
Female
20 - 44 years	446 (41.5%)
45 - 59 years	281 (26.1%)
60 and older	349 (32.4%)
Male
20 - 44 years	448 (46.8%)
45 - 59 years	253 (26.5%)
60 and older	255 (26.7%)

Table 1. Distribution of the Participants According to the Place of Residence, Gender and Age Group

Number (%)

Place of residence

Town

1,030 (50.6%)

Small town

467 (23.1%)

Village

535 (26.3%)

Age group

Female

20 - 44 years

446 (41.5%)

45 - 59 years

281 (26.1%)

60 and older

349 (32.4%)

Male

20 - 44 years

448 (46.8%)

45 - 59 years

253 (26.5%)

60 and older

255 (26.7%)

**Table 2.** Educational Level for the Total Population, the Urban and the Rural Population in the Country - 2011 Population Census [11]
Educational level	Total for the country	Urban	Rural
University	19.6%	24.8%	5.8%
Secondary	43.4%	48.7%	34.5%
Elementary	23.1%	17.5%	37.8%
Primary	7.8%	5.6%	13.5%
No level completed	6.2%	5.3%	8.3%

Table 2. Educational Level for the Total Population, the Urban and the Rural Population in the Country - 2011 Population Census [11]

Educational level

Total for the country

Urban

Rural

University

19.6%

24.8%

5.8%

Secondary

43.4%

48.7%

34.5%

Elementary

23.1%

17.5%

37.8%

Primary

7.8%

5.6%

13.5%

No level completed

6.2%

5.3%

8.3%

**Table 3.** The Prevalence of the Known and Newly Diagnosed Diabetes, IFG and IGT by Age, Gender and Place of Residence
	Known diabetes (n, %)*	Unknown diabetes (n, %)*	IFG (n, %)*	IGT (n, %)*
*Proportion of the respective place of residence.
Women
City (n = 532)	25 (4.7%)	6 (1.1%)	6 (1.1%)	8 (1.5%)
Small town (n = 253)	16 (6.3%)	8 (3.2%)	5 (2.0%)	2 (0.8%)
Village (n = 291)	21 (7.2%)	8 (2.7%)	3 (1.0%)	6 (2.1%)
Total (n = 1,076)	62 (5.8%)	22 (2.0%)	14 (1.3%)	16 (1.5%)
Men
City (n = 498)	37 (7.4%)	12 (2.4%)	17 (3.4%)	4 (0.8%)
Small town (n = 214)	20 (9.3%)	5 (2.3%)	5 (2.3%	5 (2.3%)
Village (n = 244)	25 (10.2%)	11 (4.5%)	7 (2.9%)	7 (2.9%)
Total (n = 956)	82 (8.6%)	28 (2.9%)	29 (3.0%)	16 (1.7%)
Age groups
20 - 44 years
City (n = 496)	7 (1.4%)	3 (0.6%)	9 (1.8%)	1 (0.2%)
Small town (n = 206)	2 (1.0%)	0 (0%)	3 (1.5%)	0 (0%)
Village (n = 192)	4 (2.1%)	3 (1.6%)	3 (1.6%)	0 (0%)
Total (n = 894)	13 (1.5%)	6 (0.7%)	15 (1.7%)	1 (0.1%)
45 - 59 years
City (n = 262)	21 (8.0%)	8 (3.1%)	8 (3.1%)	2 (0.8%)
Small town (n = 137)	13 (9.5%)	5 (3.6%)	3 (2.2%)	3 (2.2%)
Village (n = 135)	13 (9.6%)	7 (5.2%)	2 (1.5%)	6 (4.4%)
Total (n = 534)	47 (8.8%)	20 (3.7%)	13 (2.4%)	11 (2.1%)
60+ years
City (n = 272)	34 (12.5%)	7 (2.6%)	6 (2.2%)	9 (3.3%)
Small town (n = 124)	21 (16.9%)	8 (6.5%)	4 (3.2%)	4 (3.2%)
Village (n = 208)	29 (13.9%)	9 (4.3%)	5 (2.4%)	7 (3.4%)
Total (n = 604)	84 (13.9%)	24 (4.0%)	15 (2.5%)	20 (3.3%)
All subjects (n = 2,032)	144 (7.1%)	50 (2.5%)	43 (2.1%)	32 (1.6%)

Table 3. The Prevalence of the Known and Newly Diagnosed Diabetes, IFG and IGT by Age, Gender and Place of Residence

Known diabetes (n, %)*

Unknown diabetes (n, %)*

IFG (n, %)*

IGT (n, %)*

*Proportion of the respective place of residence.

Women

City (n = 532)

25 (4.7%)

6 (1.1%)

8 (1.5%)

Small town (n = 253)

16 (6.3%)

8 (3.2%)

5 (2.0%)

2 (0.8%)

Village (n = 291)

21 (7.2%)

8 (2.7%)

3 (1.0%)

6 (2.1%)

Total (n = 1,076)

62 (5.8%)

22 (2.0%)

14 (1.3%)

16 (1.5%)

Men

City (n = 498)

37 (7.4%)

12 (2.4%)

17 (3.4%)

4 (0.8%)

Small town (n = 214)

20 (9.3%)

5 (2.3%)

5 (2.3%

5 (2.3%)

Village (n = 244)

25 (10.2%)

11 (4.5%)

7 (2.9%)

Total (n = 956)

82 (8.6%)

28 (2.9%)

29 (3.0%)

16 (1.7%)

Age groups

20 - 44 years

City (n = 496)

7 (1.4%)

3 (0.6%)

9 (1.8%)

1 (0.2%)

Small town (n = 206)

2 (1.0%)

0 (0%)

3 (1.5%)

0 (0%)

Village (n = 192)

4 (2.1%)

3 (1.6%)

0 (0%)

Total (n = 894)

13 (1.5%)

6 (0.7%)

15 (1.7%)

1 (0.1%)

45 - 59 years

City (n = 262)

21 (8.0%)

8 (3.1%)

2 (0.8%)

Small town (n = 137)

13 (9.5%)

5 (3.6%)

3 (2.2%)

Village (n = 135)

13 (9.6%)

7 (5.2%)

2 (1.5%)

6 (4.4%)

Total (n = 534)

47 (8.8%)

20 (3.7%)

13 (2.4%)

11 (2.1%)

60+ years

City (n = 272)

34 (12.5%)

7 (2.6%)

6 (2.2%)

9 (3.3%)

Small town (n = 124)

21 (16.9%)

8 (6.5%)

4 (3.2%)

Village (n = 208)

29 (13.9%)

9 (4.3%)

5 (2.4%)

7 (3.4%)

Total (n = 604)

84 (13.9%)

24 (4.0%)

15 (2.5%)

20 (3.3%)

All subjects (n = 2,032)

144 (7.1%)

50 (2.5%)

43 (2.1%)

32 (1.6%)

**Table 4.** Age and Gender Distribution of the Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus and IFG + IGT According to the Type of Residence
Place of residence, gender, age	Diabetes (n = 194)	Impaired glucose tolerance (IFG + IGT) (n = 75)
City (% of total)	80/194 (41.2%)	35/75 (46.7%)
Gender
Women	31 (38.7%%)	14 (40%)
Men	49 (61.3%)	21 (60%)
Age group
20 - 44 years	10 (12.5%)	10 (28.6%)
45 - 59 years	29 (36.2%)	10 (28.6%)
60+ years	41 (51.3%)	15 (42.8%)
Small town (% of total)	49/194 (25.3%)	17/75 (22.6%)
Gender
Women	24 (49%)	7 (41.2%)
Men	25 (51%)	10 (58.8%)
Age group
20 - 44 years	2 (4.1%)	3 (17.6%)
45 - 59 years	18 (36.7%)	6 (35.3%)
60+ years	29 (59.2%)	8 (47.1%)
Village (% of total)	65/194 (33.5%)	23/75 (30.7%)
Gender
Women	29 (44.6%)	9 (39.1%)
Men	36 (55.4%)	14 (60.9%)
Age group
20 - 44 years	7 (10.8%)	3 (13%)
45 - 59 years	20 (30.8%)	8 (34.8%)
60+ years	38 (58.4%)	12 (52.2%)

Table 4. Age and Gender Distribution of the Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus and IFG + IGT According to the Type of Residence

Place of residence, gender, age

Diabetes (n = 194)

Impaired glucose tolerance (IFG + IGT) (n = 75)

City (% of total)

80/194 (41.2%)

35/75 (46.7%)

Gender

Women

31 (38.7%%)

14 (40%)

Men

49 (61.3%)

21 (60%)

Age group

20 - 44 years

10 (12.5%)

10 (28.6%)

45 - 59 years

29 (36.2%)

10 (28.6%)

60+ years

41 (51.3%)

15 (42.8%)

Small town (% of total)

49/194 (25.3%)

17/75 (22.6%)

Gender

Women

24 (49%)

7 (41.2%)

Men

25 (51%)

10 (58.8%)

Age group

20 - 44 years

2 (4.1%)

3 (17.6%)

45 - 59 years

18 (36.7%)

6 (35.3%)

60+ years

29 (59.2%)

8 (47.1%)

Village (% of total)

65/194 (33.5%)

23/75 (30.7%)

Gender

Women

29 (44.6%)

9 (39.1%)

Men

36 (55.4%)

14 (60.9%)

Age group

20 - 44 years

7 (10.8%)

3 (13%)

45 - 59 years

20 (30.8%)

8 (34.8%)

60+ years

38 (58.4%)

12 (52.2%)

**Table 5.** Age and Gender Distribution of the Subjects With Diabetes - Known or Newly Diagnosed
Groups	Known diabetes (n = 144, 74%)	Unknown diabetes (n = 50, 26%)	Total (n = 194)
Gender
Women	62/144 (43%)	22/50 (44%)	84/194 (43.3%)
Men	82/144 (57%)	28/50 (56%)	110/194 (56.7%)
Age group
20 - 44 years	13/144 (9.1%)	6/50 (12%)	19/194 (9.8%)
45 - 59 years	47/144 (32.6%)	20/50 (40%)	67/194 (34.5%)
> 60 years	84/144 (58.3%)	24/50 (48%)	108/194 (55.7%)

Table 5. Age and Gender Distribution of the Subjects With Diabetes - Known or Newly Diagnosed

Groups

Known diabetes (n = 144, 74%)

Unknown diabetes (n = 50, 26%)

Total (n = 194)

Gender

Women

62/144 (43%)

22/50 (44%)

84/194 (43.3%)

Men

82/144 (57%)

28/50 (56%)

110/194 (56.7%)

Age group

20 - 44 years

13/144 (9.1%)

6/50 (12%)

19/194 (9.8%)

45 - 59 years

47/144 (32.6%)

20/50 (40%)

67/194 (34.5%)

> 60 years

84/144 (58.3%)

24/50 (48%)

108/194 (55.7%)