Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jofem.org

Original Article

Volume 3, Number 4-5, October 2013, pages 81-90


Calorie and Nutrient Intake in Obese Women With Low-Income

Tables

Table 1. Demographic, Clinic and Anthropometric Characteristics of Women Followed at the Obesity Clinic, PEPE PROJECT*, EBMSP ** Salvador, BA, 2011
 
VariablesFrequency (n)Percentage (%)Mean (DP)MinimumMaximum
*PEPE: Research Project on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. ** Wage: values are US dollars, effective in 2011; N: number of participants; SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index (criterion proposed by WHO) (2004), 2 - CC: waist circumference (cutoff recommended by the IDF).
Age ( years)46.08 (11.08)1978
Color of Skin (self-reported)
White1110.7
Non white9289.3
Scholarity
Analphabet11
Up to fundamental incomplete4341.7
Fundamental completed /High School incomplete5149.5
High School completed87.8
Family Income (Us dollars)
0 - ≤ 272.50 **3130.09
1.5 - 2 (408.75 - 545)5553.39
2.5 - 3 (681.35)1716.51
Height (cm)1.59 (0.07)1.441.8
Weight (kg)87.47 (19,01)60.6158.4
IMC1
25 - 29.9 kg/m21716.534.68 (7.08)25.6468.56
> 30 kg/m27976.7
CC2
> 80 cm106.29 (14.15)80156

 

Table 2. Daily Energy Intake and Distribution of Macronutrients Consumed by Women Followed at the Outpatient Obesity, PEPE PROJECT* EBMSP, Salvador, BA, 2011
 
Nutritional Variables N% MeanMDQ1Q3Q3 - Q1DPMinMax
*PEPE- Research Project in excess Weight of Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health ** Recommended values for macronutrients for a balanced diet *** Minimum daily recommendation of fiber in accordance with the Brazilian Society of Cardiology SBC. (21 g Abbreviations: Q1-Q3: Interquartile interval, SD: standard deviation, N: number; % frequency.
Energetic Value (kcal)1,642.071,423.011,048.261,913.72865.46677.03520.353,754.54
Macronutrients
Carbohydrates (g)**245.09212.61164.73279.63114.990.8743.19450.96
  < 55%3635
  > 75%32.9
  55-75%6462.1
Lipids (g)**44.1534.6223.9658.834.8429.786.52146.78
  < 15%1716.5
  > 30%2120.4
  15-30%6563.1
AG Saturated (g) **16.9813.48.319.511.213.40.3532
  > 7% do TEV8481.6
  ≤ 7% do TEV1918.4
Protein (g)**
  < 10%1615.565.2866.743.5978.635.0133.1113.1193.9
  > 15%6462.1
  10-15%2322.3
Fibers (g)***12.3512.48.914.65.75.581.0927.3
  > 21 g32.9
  < 21 g10097.1

 

Table 3. Daily Intake of Vitamins and Minerals With Median Values and Prevalence of Inadequate Intake Among Women Followed at the Outpatient Obesity PEPE Project * EBMSP, Salvador, Bahia, 2011
 
VitaminsEARa/MeanMedianQ1Q3Q3 -Q1DPMinMaxPrev/Inad
AIb /ULc%
* PEPE- Research Project on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health; EAR Estimated Average Requirement-(Application Medium); AI: Adequate Intake; UL: Tolerable Upper Intake Level (maximum tolerable intake level). The data presented in columns nutritional recommendations is based on the average value of Requirement (EAR) except in cases of AI (adequate intake) and UL - maximum tolerable intake level.
A (mg)a500495.73273.41326785461,115.3401,099.367.96
D(µg)a54.061.70.34.54.26.2036100
E (mg)125.5573.81.77.55.85.520.434,591.26
Calcium (mg)1,200355.51316.6144.2509.3365.1245.970.21,244,597.08
Sodium (mg)2,4001,633.162,187.4679.92,806.82,126.91,285.741015,327.629.1

 

Table 4. Factors Associated With Obesity in Women Followed in the Clinic of Obesity, PEPE PROJECT * EBMSP, Salvador, BA, 2011. Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis
 
Risk factorsOdds (IC)Odds (IC)
* PEPE: Research Projetc on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health; Abbreviations: P < 0.05; OR: Odds Ratio; IC 95%: Confidence Interval; SM: Minimum Wage.
Skin Color
Black2.89 (2.45; 3.93)1.74 (1.77; 3.91)
Family Income
2.5 - 3 SM0.60 (0.23; 0.96)0.69 (0.41; 1.1)
Intake of Fibers
> 21 g0.60 (0.05; 0.89)0.57 (0.49; 0.71)
Intake of Vitamin E
> 12 mg0.20 (0.5; 0.83)0.23 (0.5; 0.97)
Intake of de Saturated Fat
< 7% VET0.39 (0.07;0.95)0.33 (0.08; 0.96)