Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access |
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc |
Journal website http://www.jofem.org |
Original Article
Volume 3, Number 4-5, October 2013, pages 81-90
Calorie and Nutrient Intake in Obese Women With Low-Income
Tables
Variables | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | Mean (DP) | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
*PEPE: Research Project on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. ** Wage: values are US dollars, effective in 2011; N: number of participants; SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index (criterion proposed by WHO) (2004), 2 - CC: waist circumference (cutoff recommended by the IDF). | |||||
Age ( years) | 46.08 (11.08) | 19 | 78 | ||
Color of Skin (self-reported) | |||||
White | 11 | 10.7 | |||
Non white | 92 | 89.3 | |||
Scholarity | |||||
Analphabet | 1 | 1 | |||
Up to fundamental incomplete | 43 | 41.7 | |||
Fundamental completed /High School incomplete | 51 | 49.5 | |||
High School completed | 8 | 7.8 | |||
Family Income (Us dollars) | |||||
0 - ≤ 272.50 ** | 31 | 30.09 | |||
1.5 - 2 (408.75 - 545) | 55 | 53.39 | |||
2.5 - 3 (681.35) | 17 | 16.51 | |||
Height (cm) | 1.59 (0.07) | 1.44 | 1.8 | ||
Weight (kg) | 87.47 (19,01) | 60.6 | 158.4 | ||
IMC1 | |||||
25 - 29.9 kg/m2 | 17 | 16.5 | 34.68 (7.08) | 25.64 | 68.56 |
> 30 kg/m2 | 79 | 76.7 | |||
CC2 | |||||
> 80 cm | 106.29 (14.15) | 80 | 156 |
Nutritional Variables N | % Mean | MD | Q1 | Q3 | Q3 - Q1 | DP | Min | Max | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
*PEPE- Research Project in excess Weight of Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health ** Recommended values for macronutrients for a balanced diet *** Minimum daily recommendation of fiber in accordance with the Brazilian Society of Cardiology SBC. (21 g Abbreviations: Q1-Q3: Interquartile interval, SD: standard deviation, N: number; % frequency. | ||||||||||
Energetic Value (kcal) | 1,642.07 | 1,423.01 | 1,048.26 | 1,913.72 | 865.46 | 677.03 | 520.35 | 3,754.54 | ||
Macronutrients | ||||||||||
Carbohydrates (g)** | 245.09 | 212.61 | 164.73 | 279.63 | 114.9 | 90.87 | 43.19 | 450.96 | ||
< 55% | 36 | 35 | ||||||||
> 75% | 3 | 2.9 | ||||||||
55-75% | 64 | 62.1 | ||||||||
Lipids (g)** | 44.15 | 34.62 | 23.96 | 58.8 | 34.84 | 29.78 | 6.52 | 146.78 | ||
< 15% | 17 | 16.5 | ||||||||
> 30% | 21 | 20.4 | ||||||||
15-30% | 65 | 63.1 | ||||||||
AG Saturated (g) ** | 16.98 | 13.4 | 8.3 | 19.5 | 11.2 | 13.4 | 0.3 | 532 | ||
> 7% do TEV | 84 | 81.6 | ||||||||
≤ 7% do TEV | 19 | 18.4 | ||||||||
Protein (g)** | ||||||||||
< 10% | 16 | 15.5 | 65.28 | 66.7 | 43.59 | 78.6 | 35.01 | 33.11 | 13.1 | 193.9 |
> 15% | 64 | 62.1 | ||||||||
10-15% | 23 | 22.3 | ||||||||
Fibers (g)*** | 12.35 | 12.4 | 8.9 | 14.6 | 5.7 | 5.58 | 1.09 | 27.3 | ||
> 21 g | 3 | 2.9 | ||||||||
< 21 g | 100 | 97.1 |
Vitamins | EARa/ | Mean | Median | Q1 | Q3 | Q3 -Q1 | DP | Min | Max | Prev/Inad |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AIb /ULc | % | |||||||||
* PEPE- Research Project on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health; EAR Estimated Average Requirement-(Application Medium); AI: Adequate Intake; UL: Tolerable Upper Intake Level (maximum tolerable intake level). The data presented in columns nutritional recommendations is based on the average value of Requirement (EAR) except in cases of AI (adequate intake) and UL - maximum tolerable intake level. | ||||||||||
A (mg)a | 500 | 495.73 | 273.4 | 132 | 678 | 546 | 1,115.34 | 0 | 1,099.3 | 67.96 |
D(µg)a | 5 | 4.06 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 0 | 36 | 100 |
E (mg) | 12 | 5.557 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 7.5 | 5.8 | 5.52 | 0.4 | 34,5 | 91.26 |
Calcium (mg) | 1,200 | 355.51 | 316.6 | 144.2 | 509.3 | 365.1 | 245.97 | 0.2 | 1,244,5 | 97.08 |
Sodium (mg) | 2,400 | 1,633.16 | 2,187.4 | 679.9 | 2,806.8 | 2,126.9 | 1,285.74 | 101 | 5,327.6 | 29.1 |
Risk factors | Odds (IC) | Odds (IC) |
---|---|---|
* PEPE: Research Projetc on Overweight/obese females, ** Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health; Abbreviations: P < 0.05; OR: Odds Ratio; IC 95%: Confidence Interval; SM: Minimum Wage. | ||
Skin Color | ||
Black | 2.89 (2.45; 3.93) | 1.74 (1.77; 3.91) |
Family Income | ||
2.5 - 3 SM | 0.60 (0.23; 0.96) | 0.69 (0.41; 1.1) |
Intake of Fibers | ||
> 21 g | 0.60 (0.05; 0.89) | 0.57 (0.49; 0.71) |
Intake of Vitamin E | ||
> 12 mg | 0.20 (0.5; 0.83) | 0.23 (0.5; 0.97) |
Intake of de Saturated Fat | ||
< 7% VET | 0.39 (0.07;0.95) | 0.33 (0.08; 0.96) |